Implementation of post-traumatic stress injury programs in Alberta first responder organizations: a qualitative study

Purpose: The prevalence of post-traumatic stress injury (PTSI) among first responders (FR) is high and often leads to work disability. Our research examined current implementation approaches of PTSI programs, as well as key facilitators and challenges, in Alberta FR organizations. Methods: Using a qualitative study design, guided by implementation frameworks, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 key informants with program implementation experience in Alberta, Canada FR organizations. Interview questions were open-ended and asked about experiences related to implementation including barriers, facilitators, and key lessons. Interviews were recorded, and data analysis determined key implementation themes. Results: Most FR organizations were in the planning phase of PTSI program implementation. Analysis revealed six overarching themes, 'getting buy-in first'; 'collaborating and champions'; 'ongoing awareness building'; 'ensuring adequate resources'; 'importance of planning'; and 'one-size does not fit all'. Mostly informal implementation processes were reported, along with organizational buy-in. Conclusions: We found that FR organizations were developing and implementing PTSI programs. However, there were implementation challenges, including the lack of formal implementation plans and resource needs. Further research on program implementation in FR organizations is needed to ensure that programs are implemented in a way that maximizes their effectiveness in reducing work disability among FR members.