Return to work, accommodation and support

IWH has a long history of conducting research on practices, policies and processes that help workers sustainably return to work after an illness or an injury. This page pulls together IWH research and resources on employer supports, job accommodations and modifications, as well as other related issues such as disclosure of disability.

A bottle of pills spilled on a table.
Research Highlights

Severe pain, not pressure to return to work or lack of accommodation offer, linked to opioid use post-injury

An IWH study found that among a group of injured workers in Ontario, those who experienced severe pain were more likely to use opioids than those who had no or only mild pain—regardless of whether they felt they had to return to work too soon, or were offered work accommodations.
Published: February 2025
rehab and community care logo
IWH in the media

Injured workers have higher rates of opioid poisonings than the general population.

People who have previously experienced a work-related injury are more likely to experience opioid poisonings and other opioid-related harms than the general population. That’s according to research conducted by the Institute for Work & Health (IWH) and the Occupational Cancer Research Centre (OCRC), using data from 1.7 million Ontario workers who had an accepted lost-time workers’ compensation claim between 1983 and 2019.
Published: Rehab & Community Care Medicine , February 2025
Journal article
Journal article

Opioid use among injured workers: pain and the return-to-work experience

Published: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, February 2025
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IWH in the media

Why return-to-work ‘isn’t one-size-fits-all’

The mental health of injured workers isn’t a one-size-fits-all. A study by IWH highlights how workers with physical injuries often struggle with mental health challenges that affect their recovery and ability to return to work. The findings carry critical implications for workplace safety professionals, employers, and compensation boards, writes Shane Mercer.
Published: Canadian Occupational Safety, January 2025
IWH Speaker Series
IWH Speaker Series

The mental health of injured workers with a physically disabling injury

Mental health is often thought of as the presence or absence of a mental health condition such as depression or an anxiety disorder. However, the complete mental health model suggests that mental health is also comprised of one’s level of emotional, psychological and social wellbeing. How does this holistic way of framing mental health help us understand the return-to-work experiences of injured workers? In this presentation, Dr. Kathleen Dobson shares results from a recent study examining various mental health profiles among a group of physically injured workers in Ontario. She discusses why it is important to define “mental health” in occupational research, how this framework helps highlight the diverse mental health experiences that injured workers have and how these experiences may impact their return to work.
Published: January 2025
Journal article
Journal article
An grey-haired man leans his forehead against a window in deep contemplation
Tools and guides

Decision-support for Communicating about Invisible Disabilities that are Episodic (DCIDE)

Decision-Support for Communicating about Invisible Disabilities that are Episodic (DCIDE) is a free tool that aims to help workers consider whether or not to share some personal health information with others at work. 
Published: December 2024